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IBC or International Business Company or as it is also called international business corporation basically is an offshore company which is usually formed under the laws of some jurisdictions worldwide as a tax-neutral company meaning that it is not taxable in the country of incorporation. It is also limited in direct business activity it may conduct while operating within the context of the jurisdiction in which it is incorporated.
Meaning and main functions of IBC Often IBC features can vary by jurisdiction, however, usually they include business data confidentiality, ability to issue shares, provision for a local registered agent or office and exemption from local corporate taxation as the majority of offshore jurisdictions have removed or are processing the removal of IBCs from local taxation while reducing corporate tax to zero in order to avoid damaging the whole offshore finance industry.
Such companies in general are incorporated for offshore banking, making international investments, asset protection, real estate and intellectual property ownership and other business activities related to international trade.
A list of jurisdictions offering IBC as a business structure As it is stated in Streber Weekly, there are plenty of jurisdictions offering IBC as a business structure. The list of such jurisdictions is pretty long: Antigua and Barbuda, Anguilla, Barbados, Bahamas, Belize, Brunei, British Virgin Islands or BVI, Cook Islands, Comoros, Dominica, Grenada, Gambia, Mauritius, Marshall Islands, Monsterrat, Nauru, Saint Lucia, Samoa, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles and Vanuatu. This list contains most of the jurisdictions without taking into account their worldwide reputation. Some popular offshore jurisdictions which weren't mentioned before offer territorial taxation and other tax incentives instead of offering IBCs. These business structures can be operating as exempt companies, free zone companies or non-resident companies etc. while lacking the ease of IBC companies: Panama, Hong Kong, Cayman Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands (TCI), United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bermuda.
For example, Panama's jurisdiction, in general, is suitable for International Foundation or IBC in terms of asset protection. Hong Kong jurisdiction in general is also suitable for international trade due to favorable taxation regime as it imposes no withholding tax, capital gains tax, tax on investment income, VAT and other sorts of taxes.
Most reputable jurisdictions for IBCs British Virgin Islands (BVI) is referred to as world's leading offshore business center with more than 450,000 operating companies registered in its territory. It is often called the grandfather of all IBCs. International international business companies have a rather good reputation among other jurisdictions of such kind due to the ability to transfer domicile and privacy of ownership for assets collected inside of the company. In general BVI provide flexible, low-cost and prompt services for international offshore companies' incorporation.
Seychelles can be alternatives to BVI offshore companies as this jurisdiction offer ease of administration, simplicity and privacy as well. In addition, IBC is the most widely used type of company incorporated on islands with more than 175,000 companies registered there. The IBCs of this jurisdiction are commonly used as consultancy and personal service companies as well as Holding Companies shares, real estate and equities.
Bahamas is one of the oldest offshore jurisdictions, considered to be a classic one as the BVI mentioned before as it is an independent and politically stable which has an improving reputation and is gambling friendly.
St. Kitts and Nevis has decent reputation while being also politically stable and having average to low costs. However, this jurisdiction is more popular for its Limited Liability Companies (LLC).
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines has merely low costs. It is quite politically stable with good reputation which has improved in recent years because of the gaining popularity due to financial operations carried out by Euro Pacific Bank and Loyal Bank.
Belize is also a great place for IBC formation. In frames of this jurisdiction IBC can be used with the purpose of international trade, asset protection, offshore banking, owning real estate, e-business or any other financial services.
Such IBCs are suitable for business transactions globally as well as making deposits and managing offshore investments such as bonds, mutual funds, stocks and other types of business services, while providing consulting and such professional services as management, corporate credit cards ownership, covering legitimate expenses etc.
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A merchant account is a certain type of bank account which is designed to allow businesses to accept payments made by their clients with a debit or credit card. In other words, a merchant account is an agreement between three parties: a retailer, a merchant bank and a payment processor for the purpose of settling credit and debit card payments. When a customer pays for his or her purchase with a credit or debit card, the funds are initially deposited into the merchant account and eventually transferred further to the bank account of the business. The transfers to the bank account are usually organized on a daily or weekly basis.
Types of Merchant accounts There are various types of merchant accounts that typically can be grouped into two categories and the description of each type gives a rather clear overview which of them would be the most suitable for your business. The main categories of a merchant account are swiped and keyed.
Swiped merchant account is usually used when a business meets its clients face-to-face and during this meeting a client is able to swipe his or her card to pay for the products and services. This type of merchant account is usually described further in respect to the application of the said account:
Retail Merchants – conduct transactions in a retail environment. The customer's card is swiped through a terminal and typically a signature or a pin code is captured; Wireless / Mobile – similarly as retail merchants, but in a wireless environment using a mobile terminal. An example of such a merchant would be a taxi driver or a pizza delivery; Restaurant – similarly as retail merchants but with an additional function – ability to add tips to the charge. According to the name of this type of merchant account, mostly used by restaurants and cafes; Lodging – similarly as retail merchants but the business may adjust the payment amount according to additional charges. This type of merchant account is used by hotels and bed & breakfasts in case a client has used a minibar or other extras. Keyed merchant accounts are used when the customer card's information is taken over the phone or internet (or sometimes even in person) and keyed in by the employee himself. While this application of a merchant account takes more time and is less convenient, it is also less expensive than the previously discussed merchant accounts.
Internet or e-commerce merchants – for businesses that operate through a website and use internet payment gateway service to collect the customer's card information and process it accordingly; Mail & Telephone Order – the customer's card information is delivered over the phone, mail or internet and manually processed through either a credit card machine or virtual terminal; Face to face – this type of merchant is similar to wireless / mobile swiped merchant account, but instead of investing more funds to acquire a mobile terminal, it is possible to take the necessary information of the customer and key it in over the phone.
Advantages and disadvantages of a merchant account While it is crucial to choose the most appropriate type of merchant account depending on its intended application for the best experience, there are some general pros & cons to be discussed.
Advantages:
Increased sales – due to higher convenience in comparison to cheque or cash payments; Faster transactions; Security – no risk of theft or unintentional mistakes by employees when working with cash; More choices – the more payment options you offer to your clients, the more convenient it is for them to shop with you; Ability to accept multi-currency credit or debit cards.
Disadvantages:
Cost – typically, a business has to pay for each transaction; Delay – customer's funds are first deposited to merchant account and only later transferred to the business bank account; Fraud – there is always a risk of identity theft or internet fraud; Charge backs – it is easy for customers to require a charge back, especially if the funds are still in the merchant account.
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Manufacturing is the largest economic sector in the world, which is also one of the most important, directly and indirectly accounting for a large part of all economic activity and all jobs worldwide. It processes items and is dedicated to either creating new goods or adding value by producing finished goods for sale to customers or intermediate goods to be used in the production process. After the industrial revolution that began in Britain a few centuries ago, labour-intensive textile production was successfully replaced by mechanization and the use of fuel. Today, manufacturing creates jobs, technological development and an increase in international investment.
For this reason, some jurisdictions are leveraging manufacturing output and value-added exports to increase their operations, business performance and revenue, and to address the challenges and opportunities that manufacturers face every day in conducting their businesses.
According to Deloitte's 2016 Global Manufacturing Competitiveness Index, China, the United States, Germany, Japan and South Korea are ranked as the top five most competitive manufacturing countries in the world. These countries generate about 60% of global manufacturing GDP.
China Canada and its provinces compete on a global scale for investments that result in low production costs, low wages for factory workers, and the adoption of globally popular product mandates. As a result, there are some significant trends in Chinese manufacturing that can easily be highlighted. These trends include creating a globally competitive, expansive manufacturing business model, helping to create a competitive business environment for manufacturing in China and increasing sales in domestic and overseas markets. This fact can encourage start-ups to grow, invest and compete with other successful manufacturing companies.
United States The United States is successful in attracting investment in many of the world's most active industries, such as aerospace, auto assembly, pharmaceuticals, to name a few. The USA has signed an agreement with Germany to implement a dual vocational training program for the advanced manufacturing sector. US business policies focus primarily on technology transfer, sustainability, monetary control, and science and innovation, giving manufacturing companies (automotive in Detroit and high-tech in Silicon Valley) a competitive advantage.
Germany Germany retains a relatively high share of manufacturing exports. The country provides long-term support in government-sponsored science labs and national programs created to foster manufacturing innovation in areas such as solar and wind power and renewable energy (renewable energy sources accounted for 28% of the country's electricity generation in 2014). In addition to an energy revolution in the manufacturing industry, the country is striving to phase out nuclear energy.
Japan Japan has a technology-intensive manufacturing sector that dominates the global manufacturing landscape in most advanced economies. The country maintains manufacturing competitiveness as there is a close link between manufacturing competitiveness and innovation. Japan has strong potential to become one of the most advanced manufacturing jurisdictions in the world. The Robot Revolution Realization Council was established in the country in 2014 as part of the Japan Revitalization Plan, introducing infrastructure and energy resources for next-generation vehicles. Japanese companies account for 50% of the global factory robot market.
South Korea As the world leader in the manufacture of liquid crystal displays (LCD), smartphones and memory chips, automobiles, and the world's largest shipbuilder, South Korea is actively pursuing growth in free trade agreements with more than 50 countries. The country invests heavily in education and produces a large number of researchers every year. It is also known that supporting manufacturing innovation in South Korea with venture capital investments to boost high-tech startups is identified as a strategic priority.
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Tax exemptions for UK trusts A UK trust can be fully exempt from income tax if the following conditions are met:
One of the trustees is not a UK resident. All property/estate, shares and all other assets are located outside the UK. The beneficiaries are non-UK residents. The settlers are not based in the UK. In accordance with English/Welsh law, the first trustee must be a UK resident person or company. In most cases the trustee is a professional and licensed UK trustee service provider. In order to benefit from tax exemptions there must be an additional trustee resident outside the UK. This may be an offshore trust service provider or the client's legal representative or law firm.
The main components of a UK trust Settlor The settlor establishes a trust and appoints the trustees. In doing so, he or she transfers full ownership of the assets to the trustees. Trustee(s) The trustees are responsible for administrating the assets in favour of the beneficiaries. They may receive an initial recommendation from the settlor on how to manage the trust (instructions can be indicated in the letter of wishes) and must ensure that the rights of the beneficiaries are protected. They have full control over the trust, but are not entitled to any income that it accumulates.
Trust deed A formal trust deed sets out the arrangement between the settlor and the trustees and the terms of administration. Beneficiaries The beneficiaries are the individuals who benefit from the trust, and may be defined as the settlor’s children or future children. It is common practice to have discretionary beneficiaries, who are not informed in advance of their future and potential interest in the trust. Summary
UK trusts can grant their owners a reliable and reputable onshore location. Structured properly, UK trusts can be very attractive in terms of taxation, security and the confidentiality of assets. English/Welsh law offer the protection of the UK legal system.
This is a great solution for non-UK resident individuals, who own property and generate income outside the UK.
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IBC or International Business Company or as it is also called International Business Corporation is basically an offshore company that is usually incorporated under the laws of some jurisdictions worldwide as a tax neutral company, meaning that it is not subject to tax in the country of incorporation. It is also limited in the direct business activities it may engage in while operating in the context of the jurisdiction in which it is incorporated.
Importance and main functions of IBC Often IBC features can vary by jurisdiction, but typically include confidentiality of business records, ability to issue shares, provision of a local registered agent or office, and exemption from local corporate income tax as the majority of offshore Jurisdictions that removed or are processing removal exempt IBC from local taxation while reducing corporate income tax to zero to avoid hurting the entire offshore finance industry.
Such companies are generally formed for offshore banking, international investment, asset protection, real estate and intellectual property ownership, and other business activities related to international trade.
A list of jurisdictions offering IBC as a business structure As stated in Streber Weekly, there are many jurisdictions that offer IBC as a business structure. The list of such jurisdictions is quite long: Antigua and Barbuda, Anguilla, Barbados, Bahamas, Belize, Brunei, British Virgin Islands or BVI, Cook Islands, Comoros, Dominica, Grenada, Gambia, Mauritius, Marshall Islands, Monsterrat, Nauru, Saint Lucia, Samoa, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Seychelles and Vanuatu. This list includes most jurisdictions without considering their worldwide reputation. Some popular offshore jurisdictions not mentioned previously offer territorial taxation and other tax incentives in lieu of IBCs. These business structures can operate as Exempt Corporations, Free Zone Corporations, or Non-Resident Corporations, etc. without having the ease of IBC corporations: Panama, Hong Kong, Cayman Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands (TCI), United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bermuda.
For example, the jurisdiction of Panama is generally appropriate for International Foundation or IBC in terms of asset protection. The jurisdiction of Hong Kong in general is also convenient for international trade due to the favorable tax system as no withholding tax, capital gains tax, capital gains tax, VAT and other types of taxes are levied.
The most respected jurisdictions for IBCs The British Virgin Islands (BVI) is recognized as the world's leading offshore business center with more than 450,000 operating companies registered on its territory. He is often referred to as the grandfather of all IBCs. International international business corporations have a fairly good reputation among other jurisdictions of this type due to the ability to transfer domicile and privacy of ownership for assets collected within the corporation. In general, the BVI provide flexible, cost-effective and fast international offshore company formation services.
Seychelles can be alternatives to BVI offshore companies as this jurisdiction also offers ease of administration, simplicity and privacy. Additionally, with more than 175,000 companies registered there, IBC is the most common type of company formed on islands. The IBCs of this jurisdiction are commonly used as consulting and staffing services firms, as well as holding companies for stocks, real estate, and stocks.
The Bahamas is one of the oldest offshore jurisdictions to be considered classic like the previously mentioned BVI as it is independent, politically stable, has an improving reputation and is gambling friendly.
Saint Kitts and Nevis has a good reputation but is also politically stable and has an average to low cost. However, this jurisdiction is more popular for its limited liability companies (LLC).
St. Vincent and the Grenadines has low costs. It is quite stable politically and has a good reputation which has improved in recent years due to increasing popularity due to financial deals conducted by Euro Pacific Bank and Loyal Bank.
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The development of telecommunications and economic globalization have made it possible for interested investors to set up companies all over the world. With proper research, financial investment and legal backing, business ventures can be safely incorporated in almost any country in the world. Building an international business used to be a complicated entrepreneurial venture, but today it is commonplace with the help of experienced legal and business advisors.
The advantages of founding a company abroad are as numerous as they are obvious. Many countries offer specific locational advantages, ranging from natural resources and well-established infrastructure to beneficial laws and regulations that encourage growth in a particular industry. Likewise, it can be difficult to start a business or an acquisition in your own country due to adverse situations: political or regulatory environment, lack of resources and more. In this situation, it makes sense to consider an overseas option that offers greater opportunities for growth, development, and success.
Company registration in Tunisia When starting a business in Tunisia, an interested investor must conduct due diligence on legal procedures, international regulations and sufficient investments for success. It is crucial to understand cultural, social and political factors that influence starting and growing one's business. Failure to do so may result in unintended consequences. Poorly researched and toneless international launches often end in disaster as time, money and energy is wasted due to poor planning.
Legal Documents Every country in the world presents its own intricate challenges when it comes to starting, developing and maintaining a business. Owners, financiers and investors must make these commitments with the support of a knowledgeable and experienced legal team. Only someone with in-depth knowledge of local and international corporate law will be able to set up an overseas business while avoiding the pitfalls that plague many new businesses.
Additionally, smart business people can consider ways to invest in foreign companies without actually starting their own businesses. In these situations, it is still beneficial for the investor to partner with a knowledgeable global economics and litigation advisor. International investments create a truly diverse portfolio that offers growth opportunities that were unthinkable decades ago.
Potential investors, venture capitalists and entrepreneurs should consider the existing infrastructure in Tunisia when planning to start a new business. While extensive infrastructure and systems can help make the process of starting a business a smooth one, it could also represent market saturation and reduced growth potential. On the other hand, a lack of infrastructure is often a major obstacle to growth; However, the lack of infrastructure points to a clear market opening for a creative and efficient new business.
Opening a bank account in Tunisia In connection with the establishment of a company, it is necessary to open one or more bank accounts in Tunisia. Confidus Solutions offers the ability to open a bank account in over twenty jurisdictions, making it easy for you to avoid challenging language barriers or bureaucratic hassles.
Virtual office in Tunisia Since a registered address is a necessity for international business, Confidus Solutions enables foreign investors to set up a virtual office in Tunisia. This address allows international entrepreneurs to accept mail, arrange for shipping and set up a registered bank account in their country of business.
Tax regulations If you are in the process of researching a business formation in Tunisia, consult a lawyer or consultant with extensive experience in the area you are considering. This advisor can help you with everything from laws and tax structures to local helpers. You need to consider every aspect from the local office to your highest organizational structure; Make sure you recruit the best possible mentors as you embark on this exciting but challenging process.
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Lithuania is considered a large nation due to its total area. Its total land area is 65,300 km² (about 25,212 mi²). The Lithuanian continental shelf is approximately 7,031 km² (approximately 2,715 mi²). Lithuania is in Europe. Europe is a continent whose borders date back to ancient times. European countries include the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Malta and the Vatican, among others. Lithuania has 4 neighboring countries. Its neighbors include Belarus, Latvia, Poland and Russia. Lithuania is not a landlocked country. It means it is bounded by at least one major body of water. The average altitude range of Lithuania is 110 m (361 ft).
Neighbors The total length of land borders of Lithuania is 1549 kilometers (~598 miles). Lithuania shares its land borders with 4 different countries and has the same number of unique land borders with neighboring territories. If, as in the case of Lithuania, a country has the same number of distinct neighboring regions as land borders, then that country does not have non-contiguous sections of a land border. This is in contrast to several countries that have multiple non-contiguous stretches of land borders. Lithuania has 4 neighboring countries. Its neighbors include Belarus, Latvia, Poland and Russia. The lengths of land borders of Lithuania with its neighboring countries are as follows:
Belarus - 502 km (312 miles), Latvia - 453 km (282 mi), Poland - 91 km (57 mi), Russia - 227 km (141 miles).
Cities The capital of Lithuania is Vilnius. The largest city in Lithuania is Vilnius.
Elevation The average altitude range of Lithuania is 110 m (361 ft). The highest point in Lithuania is Aukštojas Hill with an official height of 294 m (965 ft). The lowest point in Lithuania is Nemunas. It is -5 m (-16 ft), i.e. below sea level. The height difference between the highest (Aukštojas Hill) and the lowest (Nemunas) point in Lithuania is 299 m (2 ft).
Area The total land area of Lithuania is 65,300 km² (about 25,212 mi²). and the total Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is 7,031 km² (~2,715 mi²). The continental shelf of Lithuania is approximately 7,031 km² (around 2,715 mi²). Including the landmass and the EEZ, the total area of Lithuania is approximately 72,331 km² (~27,927 mi²). Lithuania is considered a large nation due to its total area.
Forest and farmland 21,223 km² of Lithuania's territory is covered with forests, and forest areas make up 33% of the country's total area. There are 29,261 km² of arable land in Lithuania, which accounts for 45% of the country's total area.
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27.03.2024 13:50
